Approach Definition
Approach is how the way to see or analyze literary work, it is depend on us. It can be seeing from anything. For example from intrinsic and extrinsic elements. Its trait is more abstract than theory and method. In approach, possible to apply some theories and some methods. We can take an approach in our research. A literary work can be red by many people and they can discuss it. Its weakness doesn’t have many rooms to move.
Abrams approach
1. Objective Theories: interested in close reading of work. Fairly, doesn’t need certain. Feeling. Can make a literary work fairly because literary work can’t stand alone but behind it there are many things. And also this approach treats a literary work independently. Prohibited from considering matters outside the literary work.
2. Mimetic Theories: interested in the relationship between the Work and the Universe. Seeing literary work as reflecting of society condition at the time. Should be seen at the time. It can’t in this time if we want to see the literary work.
3. Expressive Theories: interested in relationship between the Work and the Artist. The source is the author. Seeing literary work as experiences form that ever felt by an author. So that, its felt so full color.
4. Pragmatic Theories: interested in relationship between the work and the audience. Reflecting reader’s response. View of the reader, to see how the influences of literary work to the public or readers.
Literary work is a mirror and lamp. Literature was usually understood as a mirror, reflecting the real world, in some kind of mimesis but for the Romantics, writing was more like a lamp: the light of the writer’s inner soul spilled out to illuminate the world.
